/**
 * file: main.c
 * author: 简单教程(www.twle.cn)
 */


#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
    char line[150];
    int i, vowels, cons, digits, spaces;

    vowels =  cons = digits = spaces = 0;

    printf("输入一个字符串: ");
    scanf("%[^\n]", line);

    for(i=0; line[i]!='\0'; ++i)
    {
        if(line[i]=='a' || line[i]=='e' || line[i]=='i' ||
           line[i]=='o' || line[i]=='u' || line[i]=='A' ||
           line[i]=='E' || line[i]=='I' || line[i]=='O' ||
           line[i]=='U')
        {
            ++vowels;
        }
        else if((line[i]>='a'&& line[i]<='z') || (line[i]>='A'&& line[i]<='Z'))
        {
            ++cons;
        }
        else if(line[i]>='0' && line[i]<='9')
        {
            ++digits;
        }
        else if (line[i]==' ')
        {
            ++spaces;
        }
    }

    printf("元音: %d\n",vowels);
    printf("辅音: %d\n",cons);
    printf("数字: %d\n",digits);
    printf("空白符: %d\n", spaces);

    return 0;
}

$ gcc main.c && ./a.out
输入一个字符串: woej9230s02034j20234ojsd.sdjo2ej!@9
元音: 5
辅音: 11
数字: 16
空白符: 0